Facing growing challenges related to decarbonization, competitiveness and energy resilience, industrial companies are being called upon to rethink their heat production. Today, more than two-thirds of industrial energy demand in Europe concerns heat production. Yet nearly 75% of this heat is still generated from fossil fuels. In this context of energy transition, Pierre Cheyron, Vice-President for Marketing and Industrial Development at ENGIE, explains how the electrification of industrial thermal uses— combined with increased flexibility—has emerged as a strategic response to decarbonization, competitiveness and resilience challenges.